Com o lançamento do Mandriva 2009 estável, decidi dar uma chance a ele e mudei meus hábitos. Sempre fui um fã Debian de carteirinha, todos os servidores que instalo são nessa distribuição. Como o Debian tem pacotes antigos demais para os aplicativos desktop na minha opinião, debandei para o (K)Ubuntu para uso cotidiano. Agora que o Mandriva oferece o KDE 4.1.2, BROffice (openoffice.org) 3 e Firefox 3, é hora de dar uma chance a ele.

O Mandriva já havia me impressionado antes pela polidez da distribuição. Os gráficos são agradáveis e simples, de fácil visualização sem perder a beleza. Os aplicativos são bem integrados e o painel de controle é um dos mais fáceis de usar mesmo oferecendo um excelente grau de controle sobre as configurações do sistema.

O que não me agradava no Mandriva era o estilo "clubinho" de ser de outrora. Para ter acesso aos repositórios com pacotes de software que utilizo era necessário ser associado. Hoje, a Mandriva oferece a versão Free, somente com softwares livres, e a One que tem drivers proprietários de video e wireless bem como Adobe Flashplugin e codecs MP3. Ambas as versões são gratuitas e de download público.

A versão paga, chamada Powerpack, ainda não está disponível para o Mandriva 2009. No 2008 a versão Powerpack oferecia software proprietário de reprodução de DVDs de vídeo, mais alguns softwares protegidos por patentes e suporte oficial limitado.

Fiz o download do Live CD com KDE 4 da versão One, que tem suporte da comunidade, e comecei a instalação. Mais simples impossível! O visual mudou em relação ao 2008 (na verdade acho que o 2008 tinha um tema um pouco mais bonito) porém continua simples e funcional. O menu continua seguindo o padrão anterior e o painel de controle funciona muito bem, mantendo também o padrão.

Clicando no ícone de instalação, facilmente visível no desktop dentro do plasmoid "Folder View" que está lá por padrão, pouquíssimas perguntas são feitas! Menos até que no Ubuntu. Na verdade, ao iniciar, o sistema faz algumas perguntas ao usuário para acertar a linguagem e o teclado, coisa que o Ubuntu faz no programa de instalação. A senha de root e o usuário inicial são criados após a instalação, bem como a seleção de fuso horário e servidor de atualização, portanto, na verdade, a quantidade de informações que o usuário presta ao instalar o sistema é mais ou menos a mesma, elas só estão em passos diferentes.

O instalador em si basicamente só pergunta o que fazer com as partições. Ele oferece as opções de particionamento automático, manual ou não tocar no esquema de particionamento. Como meu disco já estava particionado como eu queria, bem como minha partição /home deveria permanecer com meus dados, selecionei a opção de não mexer no particionamento. Na tela seguinte o instalador perguntou o ponto de montagem, selecionei, e quais partições deveriam ser formatadas, sendo que a /home estava automaticamente desmarcada, o que achei excelente!

Ao terminar o particionamento toda a instalação correu sem intervenções manuais, concluindo e solicitando que o computador fosse reiniciado, o que fiz. O único problema (dos pequenos) foi que o computador travou enquando desligava, sem ejetar o CD. Desliguei manualmente, retirei o CD e tudo bem.

Ao iniciar, o sistema pede um registro opcional na comunidade oficial, o que fiz. Desta forma, mandei o log de instalação, o que ajuda a melhorar o desenvolvimento do sistema. Também poderei me integrar mais à comunidade se realmente ficar na distro.

Criei meu usuário, minha partição home realmente foi preservada, desativei os add-ons não brasileiros do Firefox e todas as minhas configurações estavam lá. Atualizei o sistema, o urpmi gráfico está rápido e fácil de usar, os repositórios contrib e non-free foram adicionados facilmente ao responder apenas uma pergunta. Poucas atualizações por enquanto. Instalei o Thunderbird que uso para meus e-mails e tive que mudar o meu diretório. No Kubuntu era ~/.mozilla-thunderbird e no Mandriva é simplesmente ~/.thunderbird. Isso, usuário iniciante não tem como saber.

Infelizmente tive que parar para começar minha jornada de trabalho oficial, onde tenho de usar Windows. Falta instalar os aplicativos que mais uso, configurações pessoais e, assim que mexer mais no franco-brasileiro Mandriva, até em comemoração à minha viagem à França, trarei mais notícias.

La idea trata de lo siguiente:

Habilitar un sitio web en el que quienes quieran donar puedan hacerlo, con el fin de poder pagar a un desarrollador (más) durante un año (en principio), de la siguiente manera.

1. Estipular la cantidad necesaria para pagar a un desarrollador durante un año.
2. Cualquiera que desée donar, puede hacerlo con la cantidad que él crea conveniente. Pero sólo se verá obligado a donar si se alcanza la cantidad estipulada en el punto número uno (la cantidad alcanzada se irá mostrando diariamente en el sitio web).
3. Repetir esta idea una vez al año.

Si te parece bien mi proposición (al margen de que estés interesado en Kubuntu, o en donar), regístrate en Ubuntu brainstorm, pincha en el banner de aquí abajo, y vota en la flecha verde.

Gracias de antemano por tu contribución.

Pengen coba linux paling gampang.. kata orang seh...

Apa lagi kalo bukan keluarga UBUNTU... :-P

Pengen tw juga rasanya pake KDE versi 4

jadi langsung aja download KUBUNTU versi terbaru di sini

Kemudian burning di cd...

Booting lewat cd dengan acer 6292 milik kantor..

Pilih LIVE-CD untuk preview KUBUNTU... atau install aja langsung... gampang !!!!

ternyata keren banget !!!!

semua hardware terdeteksi... intel gma 965 berjalan di resolusi 1280x800... audio intel hda juga terdeteksi dan jalan 100%... webcam.. card reader.. bluetooth... infrared.. firewire juga

Gampang emang!!!

yang mw screenshootnya ... ini neh !!!!

La revista ha sido desarrollada por usuarios de esta web haciendo uso del wiki de documentación para la organización del proyecto.

En este número inicial podréis encontrar, entre otros, los artículos:

• La nueva cara de la GPL
• El software libre y el mundo moderno
• Juegos: Circux Linux!
• Instalando Ubuntu 8.04 (y como no perder la partición de windows al instalar linux)

Agradecemos el esfuerzo que supone sacar una publicación nueva y os animamos a seguir adelante con el proyecto.
También animamos a los usuarios para que colaboren con la publicación de artículos en la revista. Tenéis toda la información en el wiki.

Gracias.

La revista la podréis descargar desde la página: http://www.papirux.tk/

My experience with Kubuntu has been frustrating, to say the least, and I doubt it has much to do with the Ubuntu team.  Firstly, the insistence on making everything "big" drives me crazy.  How can I use KDE when it won't let me resize panels?  I also can't find a way to create custom launcher icons on the panels (in gnome, I have a few set up to open ssh connections I use very often).

Also, how can I get a functional Application menu in Kubuntu that has proper icons and does not replace one menu section with another?  It's ridiculous that it hides the list of application categories to display the applications themselves, unless the user is supposed to always know what category something is in.

Basically, I completely agree with the comments posted here: http://meta.ath0.com/2008/01/18/kde-4-ui-critique/ and am wondering if anyone knows of ways to work around them.

Well I've moved my work computer from XP to Kubuntu 8.04, and since then I struggle to do the same as I did with the XLive CD.

Basically with the XLive CD this is how it works:

- On your windows PC after starting the XLive CD, the X server starts and bind to the TCP X port to hear incoming connections. These incoming connections come from the client I try to access.

- On the client side I just do and export=ip_my_windows_machine:0.0 and start the X application.

- That's it.

On Kubuntu I've tried several configurations to allow the KDE display manager to listen to network connections. I've searched a lot, changed the xorg.conf file, the kdm.rc file, and yes it didn't work....

Well the issue was that I needed a paradigm change in how to connect to my client machines. I took me a while to see that I do not need to fiddle with my KDE configuration...

So how you can you do it?

Simple:

- Connect to your client machine through ssh (You're using ssh, righ? ) and edit the file sshd.conf or ssh_config (It depends on your version) located in /etc/ or one of it's subdirectories like sshd.

- Edit the file and make sure that you have a line ForwardX11 yes

- Save and restart the ssh deamon.

Now on your workstation instead of connecting with just ssh user@IP use ssh -X user@IP. With this command all X connections will be forwarded automatically to your Kubuntu desktop, just like you did an export DISPLAY and so on.

Rapidamente ingrese a un portal de linux en donde encontre un listado de las diferentes distribuciones que hay de linux y ahy estaba, en cuanto la vi supe que era la indicada para mi, su lema: Linux para humanos, su interfaz, hermosa..... KUBUNTU es su nombre.
No me voy a meter mucho en el rollo de lo que es  pero si en mi experiencia con el amigo pinwino.

Lo primero que hize fue descargar kubuntu  en un live CD un torrent que en una hora ya estaba listo para grabarse en CD, como en la pc en que estaba tengo una particion vacia en este caso D: me dispuse a reiniciar mi ordenador, y busque la opcion de instalacion permanente en el disco duro. una vez dentro, no se si estaba dormido o si en lugar de un linux para humanos necesite yo un linux para dummies, por que no encontre por ningun lado como hacerlo. reinicio y regreso a windows, inserto de nuevo el disco y un alegre e intuitivo menu me da la opcion de instalar dentro de windows, ahy mismo me comenta que lo podre desinstalar en cualquier momento como un programa de windows y me advierte que se reducira ligeramente el rendimiento del disco duro (y remarco ligeramente por que despues de instalado kubuntu la PC andaba bastante mas lento) la instalacion fue muy rapida y al reiniciar, comoda y automaticamente ya tenia doble arranque, la instalacion duro poco a comparacion con una de windows, estuve navegando un poco dentro del menu start y fue cundo note que todo estaba en ingles, se me hizo raro pues segun yo seleccione la opcion de español, busque en configuraciones la opcion de cambio de idioma y hasta ahora es tiempo que aun no se como cambiarle el idioma.... sin duda no fue un primer buen acercamiento... ahora toca informarse.

Para actualizar la versión tenéis que habilitar la opción Actualizaciones Recomendadas (backports) en vuestro gestor de paquetes y añadir la siguiente línea a vuestro fichero sources.list:
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu hardy main

Una vez hecho esto puedes actualizar, mediante Adept, tu versión actual de KDE 4. Para los que sigan utilizando KDE 3 y quieran añadir KDE 4 es necesario que instalen el paquete kubuntu-kde4-desktop.

Puedes leer instrucciones más detalladas en la web de Kubuntu

Para aquel que no lo sepa Appnr es una web de reciente aparición en la que se nos permite instalar cualquier paquete de los repositorios de ubuntu desde la propia web, pinchando en el enlace correspondiente a dicha aplicación.

Personalmente no le veo la utilidad a la web por ahora al menos, ya que todo lo que se puede instalar desde esta lo tenemos disponible desde nuestro propio gestor de paquetes visual, ya sea Synaptic o cualquier otro que traiga implementada nuestra distribución.

A lo que si le veo la utilidad, es a la aplicación que hace que esto sea posible, y esta es Apturl

Apturl es una aplicación que trata de fusionar la potencia de APT y la facilidad de manejo de Firefox, y de hecho lo consigue. su funcionamiento es realmente simple, a través de un enlace del tipo:

apt://nombre_de_aplicacion

Podemos crear un link a través del cual cualquiera que tenga la aplicación instalada, con un solo click puede instalar el paquete deseado, siempre y cuando este esté en los repositorios.

Supuestamente Kubuntu  y el resto de distribuciones basadas en Ubuntu traen este paquete desde la versión 7.10. por lo que si tienes una versión superior ya deberías contar con el, si no es así puedes instalarlo desde la consola con:

sudo apt-get install apturl

Espero que os sea útil.

]]> http://arukard.wordpress.com/?p=862 Fri, 03 Oct 2008 21:09:33 +0000 arukard http://arukard.da.wordpress.com/2008/10/03/robotica-libre-para-linux-mac-y-windows/ El software libre avanza a pasos agigantados a un ritmo de innovación que no alcanzan ni siquiera las grandes corporaciones, ni microsoft, ni apple, ni sun, ni adobe, cada vez quedo mas sorprendido de todos los avances que permite el software libre, ya que no depende del dinero para poder avanzar, unicamente de la creatividad y de la voluntad de personas desinteresadas pero que tienen talento de sobra para crear cualquier software o hardware que se les ocurra, a continuación algunas herramientas o robots hechos con software libre:

1.- IeaRobotics - Ya están disponibles los datos sobre como crear un robot usando serpiente usando gnu/linux (con hardware libre y software libre).

Gracias a la empresa Iearobotics, se ha desarrollado un robot de esfuerzo español que se mueve en linea recta y en forma vertical, su movimiento es bidireccional (adelante y hacia atrás, además vertical y horizontal):

http://www.iearobotics.com/personal/juan/doctorado/cube-revolutions/

El software que usa es gpl, y lo demás es tambien libre, bajo licencia CC.

En los videos podrás ver mejor como funciona:

A.- El paseo de tux:

B.- Movimientos del robot: Video 1, Video 2, Video 3

C.- Giros, pose en forma de cobra: Video 1, Video 2, Video 3

D.- Cuidado con la cobra! Video 1, Video 2, Video 3, Video 4

2.- iCub - Otro robot con hardware y software libre.

iCub es una plataforma robótica abierta para promover la investigación colaborativa en sistemas cognitivos artificiales. iCub es un robot humanoide, de 94 centímetros de alto de mismo tamaño y forma similar que un niño de 2 años, dotado de 53 grados de libertad. Será capaz de gatear a cuatro patas, levantarse, sus manos permitirán una diestra manipulación de objetos, y su cabeza y ojos están totalmente articulados.

Mas información en la entrada anterior sobre iCup.

3.- R4P - El robot cuadrúpedo controlado con software libre.

El primer robot cuadrúpedo totalmente libre será presentado en el marco de la Conferencia por parte de sus creadores Luis Alberto Pérez García y Luis I. Díaz del Dedo. El proyecto, bautizado con el nombre de R4P, ofrece una nueva dimensión a la Robótica acercándola más que nunca a la sociedad gracias a la liberación de su código, diseño y documentación. De este modo cualquiera podría construir su propio R4P.

Este pequeño robot cuadrúpedo está orientado a la formación en áreas tecnológicas relacionadas con la electrónica, informática y mecánica. Pretende cubrir los siguientes aspectos de cara a la educación: Facilitar la entrada al mundo de la robótica. Incentivar la imaginación y creatividad del usuario. Fomentar el desarrollo de nuevas aplicaciones y utilidades sobre R4P o sus posibles evoluciones. Acercar a los centros de enseñanza primaria y secundaria una visión más atractiva de los estudios técnicos superiores y sus aplicaciones.

Licencias del software Gpl, otras licencias CC.

http://www.r4p.es/

4.- Arduino (Hardware Libre): Es una plataforma de hardware de fuente abierta basada en una sencilla placa con entradas y salidas (E/S), analógicas y digitales, y en un entorno de desarrollo que implementa el lenguaje Processing/Wiring. Está basado en el procesador Atmega8 (Atmega168 en las nuevas versiones), un chip sencillo y de bajo coste que permite el desarrollo de múltiples diseños.

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino

5.- Lego enseña a los niños a usar software open source:

Lego Mindstorms es un juego de robótica para niños fabricado por la empresa Lego, el cual posee elementos básicos de las teorías robóticas, como la unión de piezas y la programación de acciones, en forma interactiva. Este robot fue comercializado por primera vez en septiembre de 1998.

Desde hace  lanzar el código fuente de sus futuros Mindstorms NXT, porque permite a los niños entender el concepto de open source de la mejor forma posible para ellos: jugando.

Mindstorms NXT es una nueva línea de Lego que permite a los niños crear robots programables, permitiéndoles crear un dispositivo que, por ejemplo, ordene colores o unidades alrededor de obstáculos.

Lego publicó en diciembre de 2006 los fuentes del firmware de Mindstorms NXT bajo licencia Open Source. Espero que muy pronto tengamos herramientas de programación al menos en C/C++ y Java para el NXT, tal y como ya teníamos para el anterior modelo RCX.

Con el lanzamiento del código fuente de la tecnología subyacente, Lego lleva la creatividad a un nuevo nivel y eleva el fenómeno open source a un nivel que los niños comprendan y con el que puedan estar cómodos.

Se han podido crear grandes piezas robóticas con este kit. Si no lo creen, basta ver el repositorio de JP Brown’s Serious Lego, donde lo que más destaca a mi parecer son Cube Solver (Un robot que resuelve el cubo mágico de colores) y Aegis (Un robot con cámara Web integrada que se mueve).

Fuentes:

http://barrapunto.com/articles/06/12/11/2040245.shtml

http://elespia.vnunet.es/2006/05/lego_ensena_a_los_ninos_open_s.html

http://brunoprog64.blogsome.com/2006/12/15/lego-libera-el-firmware-de-mindstorm/

Página oficial - http://mindstorms.lego.com/

Descgarga del código fuente: http://mindstorms.lego.com/Overview/OpenSource.aspx

8527Mindstorms® NXT® Kit - http://mindstorms.lego.com/Products/Default.aspx

Ah, como cambia la tecnología, hace poco eran uno cubos de plástico, y ahora robots...

Fuente: http://softlibre.barrapunto.com/article.pl?sid=08/10/02/0827205

Pd. Si les interesa mas el tema de la inteligencia artificial, pasar a ver esta entrada.

Desde la Universidad de la Laguna (Islas Canarias) nos llega una personalización de Kubuntu muy apta para adictos al Software Libre en general, pero pensada especialmente para satisfacer las necesidades de los estudiantes universitarios. Cito textualmente:

Bardinux es una adaptación de la distribución de Linux 'kubuntu' a las necesidades en cuanto a Software de los miembros de la comunidad universitaria de la ULL. Se ha recopilado el software más relevante para la realización de prácticas, investigación y uso general, en paquetes fácilmente instalables.

Bardinux es la distribución de GNU/Linux de la Universidad de La Laguna. Está desarrollada por la Oficina de Software Libre que se encargará de darle soporte y mantenarla actualizada.

En la distribución se han tenido en cuenta las necesidades de la mayoría de los universitarios por lo que las aplicaciones disponibles son muy variadas:

• Suite ofimática: OpenOffice.
• Navegadores: Mozilla Firefox.
• Clientes de correo: Mozilla Thunderbird.
• Diseño gráfico: Inkscape, Scribus, Blender, Yafray, …
• Reproductores de audio: Amarok.
• Retoque fotográfico: Gimp.
• Y un largo etc.

Se distribuye en LiveCD y su proceso de instalación es el mismo (desarrollado conjuntamente por los equipos de Guadalinex y Molinux y convertido en el instalador estandar de Ubuntu) que el de Kubuntu y es facilísimo y rapidísimo, no obstante aquí podéis descargaros el PDF con instrucciones detalladas, muy útil para los más novatos.

Bueno eso, que ahí queda, como hoy es la fiesta de instalación supongo que caerán unas cuantas en La Laguna, a ver que tal por el resto del planeta azul. Esto... que hay version para 64 bits también, que se  me olvidaba.

Capturas...

Píllate un:

Bardinux 2.5-x86 (LiveCD)

Bardinux 2.5-AMD64 (LiveCD)

Nivel de software libre: – % Valoración final: Buena

Las distribuciones se califican globalmente según sean desastrosas, insuficientes, aceptables, buenas, exóticas, muy buenas o formidables.

Generally, there are three different ways to do this:

• Boot from the network using PXE.
• Boot from an external add-on device such as USB CDROM or USB memory device.
• Create a bootable disk in another system and install the disk afterwards.

Booting from the network requires several servers to be set up, including a TFTP server, a NFS server, and a DHCP server. Though they could all be on the same machine, it does represent a significant amount of set up and configuration in order to install, including the need to copy all installation parts to the NFS server to be served up to clients. In addition, there are special configurations needed for DHCP to get this started.

Booting from an external device is much easier, and can be done on the nc4010 and probably can be done on most laptops from the last 10 years or so. This method is probably the easiest to accomplish and without any fuss.

Alternately, it is possible to install the operating system normally in another system and then transfer the disk over to the new system. The biggest problem - the major problem - is that the disk locations all change. What had been /dev/hd1 is now /dev/hd0; all of this will need to be changed in order to have the new system boot properly.

The boot loader may also need to be changed to recognize the new location of the disk.

Linux has a parameter "root=/dev/zzzz" which allows the boot process to specify where the system root disk is. After this, then /etc/fstab will have to be changed (which is standard everywhere).

Solaris has UFS and ZFS, and UFS can be modified to reflect a new source disk location. ZFS is more troublesome and hard to do, as the filesystem is newer and has not been used as a boot drive for hardly any time at all. I still do not have an understanding of how to convert ZFS from using one boot disk to another (in name only) - once that happens, I'll have OpenSolaris on an nc4010.

Kubuntu 8.10 Beta trae consigo numerosas novedades:

• KDE 4.1.2: Se añade mayor estabilidad a las funcionalidades que ya podíamos ver en KDE 4.1
• Adept 3.0: El gestor de paquetes acomete una renovación de su interfaz al tiempo que consume menos recursos que la versión anterior.
• Efectos de escritorio por defecto: Los efectos de Kwin están habilitados siempre y cuando la tarjeta gráfica los soporte y esté instalado el paquete mesa-utils. En caso contrario se deshabilitan.
• Notificador de Adept: Con adept-notifier no sólo podrás saber si es necesaria una actualización pues también te informará de fallos (crashes) en una aplicación determinada.

Os podéis descargar Kubuntu 8.10 Beta en versión CD desde cualquiera de los mirrors que aparecen en este listado o bien podéis actualizar desde Kubuntu 8.04 siguiendo estas instrucciones de instalación.

Dopo Mandriva e Fedora, anche gli sviluppatori di Ubuntu hanno presentato la prima beta della loro prossima major release.

Questo rilascio beta non introduce novità ma si limita a consolidare quanto sviluppato nelle precedenti alpha. Rispetto ad Ubuntu 8.04, Intrepid Ibex vanterà quindi l’aggiornamento di GNOME alla versione 2.24, X.org 7.4, Linux-2.6.27 (dopo il cambio di kernel in corsa), Network Manager 0.7, Samba 3.2, un nuovo sistema per la gestione dei kernel obsoleti, il supporto ad una directory cifrata per ciascun utente e l’inclusione di un account guest nell’applet user switcher.

In particolare, queste ultime due funzionalità consentiranno agli utenti di mantenere al sicuro i propri dati sensibili offrendo al contempo un sistema semplice ed immediato per consentire ad un amico di utilizzare il nostro laptop/PC senza temere che vada a mettere il naso dove non dovrebbe: l’utente guest possiede privilegi limitati e, al termine della sua sessione, la sua /home viene completamente cancellata.

Sul fronte di Kubuntu si segnala invece l’aggiornamento a KDE 4.1.2, l’introduzione di Adept 3.0 e KNetwork Manager 0.7 e l’attivazione di default degli effetti grafici di update-notifier-kde.

Per chi fosse interessato al testing della beta ecco i link per i download: Ubunutu, Kubuntu, Edubuntu, Xubuntu, UbuntuStudio, Mythbuntu.

Fonte: Ossblog ]]> http://techlogbook.wordpress.com/?p=99 Fri, 03 Oct 2008 07:01:00 +0000 kurniawano http://techlogbook.da.wordpress.com/2008/10/03/installing-adobe-reader-security-update-1-in-ubuntukubuntu/

UPDATE:

It turns out that since I have installed previous version of Adobe, I need to set the "File Association" so that I can open PDF from KDE. To do this, go to "System Setting"-> "Default Applications"->"File Association".

type in "pdf", and on the "Application Prefered Order" on the right, click Adobe Reader 8, and "Edit".

Go to the tab "applications" and under "command" type in "acroread" or the exact location of the new pdf file. If you install as mentioned above, the installation will create a symbolic link in /usr/bin. So you just need to type "acroread".

Error al cargar el medio. No se ha encontrado ningún complemento desmultiplexador adecuado. Normalmente esto significa que no se reconoce el formato del archivo.
file:///home/kerberos/.kde/share/apps/amarok/podcasts/El podcast de Olallo Rubio/olallopodytcc2rerun.mp3

Ese error me apareció cuando intenté reproducir un archivo mp3 (un mal necesario). Estuve investigando un rato e instalando paquetes para ver que si amaroK podía reproducir Mp3.

En el Blogdrake encontré la solución. Tan simple como teclear en consola:

rm -r .xine

Y listo. Otra vez a reproducir Mp3.

Para hoy una mini noticia.

Ya ha sido liberada la Beta de la nueva versión de Kubuntu, 8.10 denominada Intrepid Ibex.
Esta versión trae jugosas novedades, entre otras.

• KDE 4.1.2 como entorno de scritorio, con todo lo que ello supone.
• Adept 3.0 para gestionar la instalación de paquetes en modo grafico.
• KNetworkManager 0.7 para la gestion de la red.
• KMix soporte para teclas multimedia de nuestro teclado.

Para mas informaciones podeis ir a la web de kubutnu o a su wiki

Empezaré por decir que XAMPP esta pensado como un entorno de desarrollo y como tal la configuración de seguridad que trae por defecto es casi inexistente. Por ello hay algunas cosas que debemos revisar y configurar. Algunas de ellas son:

• El administrador en MySQL (root), no tiene contraseña
• El servicio de MySQL es accesible por la red
• El usuario “nobody” del servicio ProFTPD, usa una clave por defecto
• El sistema phpMyAdmin es accesible por la red
• El usuario “pma” en phpMyAdmin no tiene establecida contraseña.

Para resolver todo esto el propio XAMPP nos brinda una utilidad.

Para ponerla en marcha ejecutaremos el comando:
sudo /opt/lampp/lampp security

Y completaremos lo que se nos va preguntando:

• Queremos que nuestras paginas estén protegidas con una contraseña?

Yo recomiendo contestar si y establecer una contraseña

• Queremos desactivar que MySQL este accesible vía network?

Lo recomendado es que no lo esté, por tanto yo recomendaría contestar si

• Queremos cambiar la contraseña de MySQL y phpMyAdmin para el usuario por defecto?

Por supuesto contestaremos que si y estableceremos una contraseña para cada uno según nos lo solicite

• Queremos cambiar la contraseña de MySQL para el usuario root?

Idéntico que el anterior

• Queremos cambiar la contraseña por defecto que trae el FTP?

Más de lo mismo.

*NOTA: Para ver las distintas alertas y encontrar alguna información extra acerca de la seguridad podemos entrar en http://localhost/security/

Una vez nos hemos encargado del tema de seguridad y para empezar a trabajar con XAMPP hay otras cosas que debemos conocer:

La ruta a la que podemos subir nuestros archivos y paginas por defecto será:

/opt/lampp/htdocs

A esta carpeta habrá que darle permisos de escritura para poder trabajar con ella:
sudo chmod 777 -R /opt/lampp/htdocs

*NOTA: Personalmente prefiero cambiar esta carpeta y establecer una propia, ya que la carpeta /httdocs contiene otros directorios y archivos necesarios para el correcto funcionamiento de XAMPP por lo que si, en un momento dado queremos eliminar todo y hacer “borrón y cuenta nueva” podríamos eliminar algo que no debamos.
Para ellos crearemos una carpeta que será la que contendrá nuestra paginas y tras ello ejecutamos:

sudo kate /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf

Se nos abrirá el documento de configuración del servidor apache en Kate.
Dentro del documento buscaremos:

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/opt/lampp/htdocs"

Sustituiremos la ruta /opt/lampp/htdocs por la de la carpeta que habiamos creado, y por ultimo le daremos permisos de escritura a esta.
sudo chmod 777 -R /ruta/a/nuestra/carpeta

Recordad que tras hacer cualquier cambio de este tipo hay que reiniciar XAMPP
sudo /opt/lampp/lampp restart

Otros archivos de configuración que debemos conocer:

• /opt/lampp/bin/ → Es donde residen los comandos de XAMPP.
• /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf → El archivo de configuración de Apache.
• /opt/lampp/etc/my.cnf → El archivo de configuración MySQL.
• /opt/lampp/etc/php.ini → El archivo de configuración PHP.
• /opt/lampp/etc/proftpd.conf → El archivo de configuración ProFTPD
• /opt/lampp/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php → El archivo de configuración phpMyAdmin.

Otras rutas de XAMPP interesantes:

• http://localhost/phpmyadmin/ → Acceso a la administración de MySql por PHP (Phpmyadmin)
• http://localhost/phpsqliteadmin/ → Acceso a la administración de Sqlite (http://www.sqlite.org/t) por PPH
• http://localhost/xampp/manuals.php → Documentación
• http://localhost/xampp/phpinfo.php → phpinfo

Con esto tenemos información suficiente para iniciarnos en la configuración de las opciones de este fantástico paquete. Ya solo me queda por decir como podriamos desinstalarlo.
Es algo tan sencillo comoe jecutar los comandos:

sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stop
sudo rm -rf /opt/lampp

In order to get the gkrellstock plugin installed for Gkrellm-2, on Kubuntu 8.04, these are the steps I took:

1. Download the plugin from http://gkrellstock.sourceforge.net/ - gkrellstock-0.5.1.tar.gz is the current posted version.
2. Install the Perl Finance modules - sudo apt-get install libfinance-quote-perl, libfinance-streamer-perl, libfinance-yahooquote-perl
3. Extract the gkrellstock file to a folder and cd into that folder.
4. There is a README file with instructions, but essentially, the steps are make (which builds the gkrellstock.so file) and make install (as root).  You can instead select do "make user-install" (not as root), if you wish to only install for a user, instead of to the system.
5. According to the README, you may need to copy the aisa.pm file to the proper directory.  However, I found the file to be in the correct place already.  It helps to run updatedb (as root, of course) and locate aisa.pm, just to be sure.
6. If "make install" fails, you will get some output of the script trying to copy a file to a system folder (my attempt failed because the -C switch was not understood).  I opened up the Makefile and manually copied the files to work around this:
   1. sudo cp gkrellstock.so /usr/lib/gkrellm2/plugins/
   2. sudo chmod 644 /usr/lib/gkrellm2/plugins/gkrellstock.so
   3. sudo cp GetQuote2 /usr/X11R6/bin/
   4. sudo chmod 755 /usr/X11R6/bin/GetQuote2
7. I restarted gkrellm, right-clicked to get the Configuration dialog, and selected and configured the GkrellStock plugin.  Quote data started coming in right after that.
8. I always stop and restart Gkrellm after making changes, to ensure the changes have been saved (if it crashes for whatever reason, you have to redo your changes).

Your milage may vary, and you will need to adjust fire if you use a different blend of Ubuntu or a different flavor of Linux altogether.  As far as Windows goes, I'll just say this - it can be done (good luck).

Enjoy!

For many modern skeptics the world’s oldest writings, on clay, stone and papyrus, is simply myth. However, if we dismiss all of the ancient literature and inscriptions - the Bible, the Koran, the Mahabharata, and the thousands of clay tablets from Mesopotamia - as too incredible to believe, we would still have to deal with the question of the physical evidence. Who built the ancient megalithic structures?  How were they built?  Why the practice of building pyramids at ancient sites all over Earth for a period or time, and then suddenly abandon them?  Who marked the Earth’s surface with gigantic lines and figures?  Who created the astonishing artwork on Mars?  Why and how were these things done? In this space age, with it’s remarkable technological advances, it is becoming apparent that the "miracles", and other seemingly supernatural events reported in ancient texts, the megalithic constructions, and the enigmatic lines and artwork over the Earth, resulted from an advanced technology which was incomprehensible and indescribable by the ancient human observers. On these pages we take the position that there is a reasonable explanation, within natural law, for these mysteries.

In this  articles we will review the evidence that these mysteries are attributable to ancient astronauts; extraterrestrials who have visited Earth in prehistoric and historical times, and have interacted with humans or their evolutionary predecessors, i.e. what authors throughout history have referred to as "the gods". 
Most authors, with the exception of Zecharia Sitchin (1976), who write about ancient astronauts, take us to familiar sites around the world where we get a "how-could-they-have-done-that?" feeling, but do not get into details concerning the god’s technology, motivation, or their whereabouts. 
By contrast,here I attempt to touch on the following questions: 

• What was the nature of the gods? 
• How did they accomplish their seemingly miraculous feats? 
• What did they value? 
• What was their connection to humans? 
• Where did they come from and where did they go?

Who first came to Earth many milleniam years ago. They were beings whose biology was similar to modern humans. They created modern mankind by mixing their genetic makeup with that of sub-humans. The purpose of mankind was to serve the  principally by providing food and mining and construction labor. They did not allow humans to view them – only their symbols (idols), suggesting that their appearance was frightening; however humans were occasionally permitted to see their emissaries, e.g. "geniuses" and "angels". They also would not allow humans near them, except priests who had cleansed and covered themselves and spread a germicide, suggesting their susceptibility to earthly diseases. They apparently moved about the Earth in spacecraft using chemical fuel, and only landed on mountaintops or other rocky outcroppings; this reduced the dust and provided physical protection from humans, and disease control. The earliest sites had a cave under the rock that protected the priests during the coming and going of the spacecraft. Later they built, or provided humans with tools to build, cyclopean structures – huge earthen, baked brick, or stone ceremonial platforms and pyramids, which served as landmarks and as landing and feeding sites. Since they had little defense against earthly bacteria, they developed methods to nourish themselves with the vapors emanating from food and drink which humans provided and burned for them. The food and drink was provided through the custom of sacrifice, the burning of the meat and blood of animals, and sometimes humans, which they demanded. These ceremonial and feeding sites were located all over the world, most on or near the current equator or near earlier pole-shifted equators. They taught humans agriculture, astronomy, engineering, and provided the first laws. They then departed from the face of Mankind.

"The grand aim of all science is to cover the greatest number of empirical facts by logical deduction from the smallest number of hypothesis or axioms"

– Albert Einstein

The following twenty clues in support of the Gyandotcom theory :

1. The lines and figures which occur over the Earth, e.g. the Peruvian Nazca lines and "roads", the Bolivian "ceques", the radial lines emanating from ancient ceremonial sites, and the British "ley" lines, precisely straight lines which connect ancient sacred sites.
     
2. The ubiquitous pyramids of various styles scattered over the Earth, in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, the Far East, and in North and South America. They apparently had several functions, serving as burial sites, landmarks, landing sites, bomb shelters, feeding stations, and ceremonial sites.
     
3. The megalithic constructions arrayed essentially all over the Earth; built of enormous stones weighing up to two million pounds. Why and how this was accomplished has not been adequately explained.
     
4. A unique and puzzling characteristic of the megalithic sites of both hemispheres is the complex polygonal stones which were used in their construction. Kiloton stones stacked, molded and sometimes fused together. Why and how?
     
5. The Polar Rounds, the concentration of ancient sites on or near the path of the current and shifted equators, suggesting that the ancient astronauts approached the Earth thru the solar plane , probably to use the planets for braking, and built very close to the equator. Chatelain (1988) says, "The polar rounds and the shift of the equator also explain why we have found traces of civilizations in regions of the Earth that today seem unfit for human habitation…". Remarkably many of the most mysterious sites lie on one of these ancient equators.
     
6. The many ancient writings about "gods" who could move through the air - the Enuma Elish, the Koran, the Popol Vuh, the Mahabharata, the Bible, and the voyages of the gods as depicted on cylinder seals and stellae from ancient Near Eastern civilizations.
     
7. The Heavenly Gateways - getting to and from the Earth. Before construction of the large pyramids and platforms the landing sites were simply a natural rock outcropping. A cave was excavated underneath which protected the priests during the coming and going of the Gods, or were some of them bomb shelters?, e.g.

• Israel: Es-Sakhra, the sacred rock on the Temple Mount, Jerusalem. There is a cave under the rock about 24 x 18 ft, and a hole in the ceiling about 2.5 ft in diameter which permitted access to the surface (Ritmeyer, 1996).
    
• Egypt: The Great Pyramid. The Great Pyramid was built on a huge bedrock bubble. About 115 ft under the surface, accessed via a 300 ft passageway, is an underground chamber measuring about 46 x 27 ft.
    
• Egypt: The Step Pyramid, with an elaborate multi-chambered cave underneath, allegedly built by Imhotep.
    
• Egypt: The pyramids of Mycerinus, Khafre, Unas, Teti and most other all had underground chambers. In fact the pyramids of Mycerinus and some others did not even have chambers in the pyramids - all chambers were underground!
    
• Mexico: Teotihuacan. There is a cave under the Sun Pyramid with several side chambers (Tompkins, 1976).
    
• Peru: The Torreon, Machu Picchu. A rock outcrop with a cave and altar underneath.
    
• Peru: K’enko. A huge, rock outcrop with an altar underneath. A hole above the altar allowed food to be passed to the surface (Fig 2-1).

1. There are many other constructions on the Earth which seem to have served
   as ancient navigation aids from the air, e.g. the Nazca lines next to the huge ceremonial site of Cahuachi, the Carnac stones and "Fairy Stone" in Brittany, the Sphinx at Giza, the Great Serpent Mound in Ohio, and the "Giant" and other huge drawings in the Chilean and Peruvian deserts.

• The spiral motif was a favorite design of the ancient astronauts, appearing at sites all over the world, e.g. Brittany; Cahuachi, Peru; Chaco Canyon; Nazca, Peru; Kawhia, New Zealand; Mu’a, Tonga; New Grange, Scotland; Tarxien, Malta.
    
• Consider this: In 1969 at New Grange, Britain, a Prof. O’Kelly proved that on the winter solstice, December 21, the morning sun would enter the passage and illuminate the spiral motif. Across the Atlantic, at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, light falling on the spiral also was used to mark the equinoxes.
    
• One legend has it that when we are awakening but still lightly sleeping, we might "see" one or more spirals. When this happens we are able to hear or see through the ears and eyes of someone nearby or share their thoughts (please let me know if this works!) But to be serious the spiral motif, occurring at ancient megalithic sites all over Earth, obviously had some special significance; and we now know that our galaxy has the shape of a beautiful spiral. Is that it? Is the spiral motif the signature of those who built or provided the tools to build these enigmatic sites?

1. They constructed on Earth reflections of their celestial abode:

• Maurice Chatelain (1988) says that the pattern of the most famous cathedrals in 10 French cites "have the same configuration as the stars in the constellation of Virgo."
    
• Bauval and Gilbert (1994) demonstrate that the Giza pyramids exactly mirror the stars in Orion’s belt on 10,540 bc.
    
• Leviton and Coons (1987) believe that they have demonstrated the coincidence of a pattern of prehistoric sites in central Somerset with the constellation Canis Major.
    
• Zecharia Sitchin (1990) finds a pattern in the Coricancha in Cuzco which he feels closely resembles the constellation Cygnus.

1. Characteristics of site selection: Identification and access from the air, security and disease control.

• The important ancient sites seem to have been selected for easy identification and access from the air; on mountain peaks (Mt. Sinai, Machu Picchu, Mt. Olympus), on islands in lakes (Malta, Lake Titicaca), or on large artificial platforms (Baalbek, The Temple Mount).
    
• In addition various sites where the gods came and went were inaccessible by most of the people of that time, on the tops of mountains or pyramids. They would not allow humans near them, except priests who had cleansed and covered themselves and spread a germicide, suggesting their susceptibility to human diseases.
    
• Black and Green (1992) state that a sick person was considered to have sinned, that is, committed an offense against moral or divine law. The illness could be expelled or undone by a god whom the “patient” would appeal to through prayer. They write, “The use of the word 'patient' emphasizes the Babylonian view of sin as synonymous with disease. Sin could be transmitted by relatives or inherited from parents…Babylonians did not have a concept of original sin, but they believed that they were all very prone to sin.” (i.e. disease). This apparently is also the meaning of sin as used in the Old Testament.
    
• And Jehovah said to Moses, "Go to the people and sanctify them today and tomorrow. And let them wash their clothes." (Exo 19:10). 
  If you read the old testament substituting “disease” or “germs” for “sin” and “sterilize” for “sanctify” you will be surprised.
    
• And Jehovah said to Moses, "Go down, warn the people lest they break through to gaze at Jehovah, and many of them fall." (Exo 19:21).
    
• "And also the priests, those approaching Jehovah, let them sanctify (cleanse) themselves, that Jehovah not burst forth among them." (Exo 19:22).
    
• "And Jehovah said to him (Moses), ‘Come, go down. And you come up and Aaron with you. And let not the priests and the people break through to come up to Jehovah, lest He burst forth among them.’" (Exo 19:23).
    
• "And if you make an altar of stone for Me, you shall not build them of cut stones. When you swing your tool on it you defile it." (Exo 20:25).

1. Apparently some of the gods were frightful to look at, and took great care to not be seen by humans, except possibly by the highest priests.
     
2. The feeding of large numbers of the "sacrifice" of animals, and sometimes humans.
     
3. Genetic engineering. From various ancient texts we read of the creation of mankind and "virgins" giving birth to god-kings and prophets. As our own biotechnology evolves what were unfathomable mysteries for our forefathers are now beginning to make sense.
     
4. Astronomy and mathematics. The ancient civilizations, which arose in both hemispheres near the equator, possessed an extensive knowledge of astronomy and mathematics.
     
5. The sudden appearance of a technologically advanced human civilization. John Cohane (1977) writes, "Until one arrives at Cro-Magnon man, about 30,000 bc, it is impossible to hold up a single piece of fossil evidence and say with assurance: ‘This came from an ancestor of man’." He discusses other evidence and concludes, "…and this evidence indicating that only 10,000 years ago there was a sudden and unaccountable emergence of a full-blown intelligent civilization…".
     
6. The several references to the use of nuclear or other advanced weapons during the god’s struggles with each other.
     
7. They must overcome the restraints of time, and there are several hints of gravitational time dilation when comparing the lives of the ancient astronauts with that of humans.
     
8. All of the ancient ceremonial sites, in both hemispheres, have been abandoned. In the Americas the centers came to an abrupt and unexplained end, with the exception of the Aztec centers, before the arrival of the Spaniards. Tiahuanaco in Bolivia and the entire region were abandoned by 1050 ad. The AAs had all left the Earth.
     
9. Communication with the Gods. There is the suggestion that Yahweh could only communicate with the Israelites via the Ark of the Covenant: "And the Israelites inquired of the LORD, for the ark of the covenant of God was there in those days, and Phinehas son of Eleazar, son of Aaron, ministered before it in those days, saying..."

• The Israelites were instructed to blow a trumpet to signal Jehovah (probably also other ) to come to the sacrifice or to call God to an assembly of the tribe, or to signal for God’s assistance during battle (Numbers 10:2-10). This suggests that Yahweh could not receive the prayers of the Israelites; however other passages suggest that Yahweh could indeed receive the prayers of the Israelites if they were within earshot of the Ark. But he apparently could not reply to them via the Ark, only through the prophets within whom he had placed his ‘spirit’, e.g. when Hezekiah prayed the Lord’s answer came through Isaiah who said to Hezekiah, "So says Jehovah, the God of Israel. I have heard that which you have prayed to Me…" ( 2 Kings 19:20).
    
• Also when David prayed to God, the answer came to David through his "seer", Gad: "And Jehovah spoke to Gad, the seer of David, saying ‘Go; and you shall speak to David, saying…’" \
• Last and most important, the space colonization argument of the SETI community. The argument is that the use of nuclear propulsion at, say, 1/10th the speed of light could easily be accomplished, and that if only one advanced civilization existed in the galaxy it could colonize the galaxy in a mere 1-10 million years. They then conclude that “we don’t see them here; therefore they do not exist”. The following section examines this clue in greater depth.

1. Physicist Enrico Fermi once asked: "If there are extraterrestrials, where are they?"
   "If they existed," he said, "they would be here." It was a casual question over lunch, and I suspect that if he had thought further about it he might have further speculated, “or have they been here and have left?” We’ll never know, but his question, which became known as the “Fermi Paradox” or “Space Travel Argument”, raised a great deal of discussion in the SETI community.

   The paradox lead a few scientists - Freeman Dyson, Michael Hart, David Viewing and Frank Tipler among others - to speculate that any older technologically advanced civilization would have colonized the galaxy by now, and since they are not here, they don’t exist; therefore “SETI is a waist of time and money”.

   The “space colonization” proponents argue that the use of nuclear propulsion at, say, 1/10th the speed of light could easily be accomplished, and that if only one advanced civilization existed in the galaxy it could colonize the galaxy in a mere 1-10 million years. They then conclude that “we don’t see them here; therefore they do not exist”. The argument apparently assumed that the alien’s would physically occupy all the habitable planets rather than just develop them. I think this was where they got off track.

   Others have countered. Kuiper and Morris (1977) stated, “The search for extraterrestrial intelligence should begin by assuming that the galaxy has been colonized”. The paper was more wild speculation but the positions and titles of the authors, and a few equations, were apparently enough to get it into the journal Science.

   But there is another reason we should assume that it has already been "colonized". In a recent paper astronomer Dr Charles Lineweaver (2001), studying the tricky business of terrestrial planet formation, argues that "...this gives us an age distribution for life on such planets and a rare clue about how we compare with other life that might inhabit the Universe." From the age distribution he then concludes, "most of the life forms in the universe have had two billion years longer to evolve than we have." Apparently we're the new kid on the block.

   As used here "Colonization" is probably a misnomer, since in our case the ancient astronauts goal seemed to be the extension of their biology, knowledge, laws, and technology, by example or by physical manipulation of the biological blueprint of the most promising animal they found here; sort of a galactic migration of intelligence, survival traits and culture, rather then physical beings. It appears that when we attained a certain technological level they got out of the way.

   My thought here is that their argument is forceful but their conclusion is incorrect. It is in fact a powerful statement in support of the hypothesis - that the Earth, probably along with most habitable bodies in the galaxy, has indeed been colonized by ancient astronauts and, at least in part, we are them! Curiously, to my knowledge, none of the authors have appreciated the compelling logic of this argument and the strong corroboration it gives to the theory.

During most of the last century the scientific community has considered the possibility that the Earth’s axis (and the poles), or the Earth’s crust has shifted during the last 200,000 years or so, perhaps several times.In 1958 (updated 1970) Charles Hapgood presented his theory (along with 458 references!) that both the poles and the Earth’s crust have shifted several times in the last 120,000 years. He maintained that the last four rounds of the poles started 120,000 years ago when the North Pole installed itself in the territory of Yukon in Canada at 63 N and 135 W; then it went to the Greenland Sea at 72 N and 10 E about 84,000 years ago, moved from 54,000 until 48,000 years ago and settle in the middle of Hudson Bay at 60 N and 83 W; it rested there for 30,000 years, then wandered again from about 18,000 to about 12,000 years ago when it came to its present location. He uses evidence from geomagnetism, continental drift, the failure to explain the ice ages, the failure to explain climatic changes, the sudden melting of the ice sheets, the shaping of earth’s surface features, the evidence for violent and rapid extinctions.

 F. Barbierio (1999) addressed the pole shift hypothesis by arguing, using mind-numbing mathematics, that the Earth’s poles could be rapidly shifted due to the impact of objects from space as small as a half-kilometer diameter asteroid.

And so the argument continues in the scientific community.

Former NASA engineer Maurice Chatelain (1988) discussed some very interesting consequences of the polar rounds. During the Hudson Bay period (48,000 to 18,000 years ago) the equator was 30 degrees further south in South America, passing through central Chile and Argentina, resulting in a much warmer climate over Antarctica. The Antarctic peninsula and Little America were on only 40 and 60 degrees south respectively. Chatelain states, “At least half of Antarctica towards South America and the south Atlantic were free of ice for 100,000 years…”. (does this support the business about the Peri Reis map?)

He demonstrates that most of the important ancient megalithic sites lay on the equators during the last 100,000 years, and that it was because “It is preferable to land a spaceship near the equator than in a polar region, just as it was with our landings on the moon.” (the speed at the surface of the earth at the equator gives an added eastward push of about 500 meters/sec). He says, "The polar rounds and the shift of the equator also explain why we have found traces of civilizations in regions of the Earth that today seem unfit for human habitation…". He goes on to demonstrate that many of the ancient megalithic sites lie on of close to one of these prehistoric equators.

Reading this it occurred to me that the remarkable concentration of ancient sites on or near the path of the prehistoric equators suggested that the AAs approached the Earth through the solar plane, probably to use the planets for braking, lined up on the Earth's equator to land, and built their sites very close to the equator. Seemed reasonable - at the time.

In a superb up-to-date discussion of this observation Alison (2001), using a bit of reverse engineering, lists nine sites which would lie on the equator 120,000-84,000 years ago, another six which would lie on the equator 84,000-48,000 years ago, and nine sites which would lie on the equator 48,000-12,000 years ago (The site lists are from Alison but the estimates of the time periods are from Hapgood (1958)). Now if we assume that these sites were located during the current pole position (12,000 - present) the resulting pattern of the locations on the Earth is a precise harmonic wave, as Alison nicely demonstrates.

Alison lists sites which are within 70 miles of the equator of the time; however, when we consider that the poles wandered for about 5 thousand years before settling, I think we should allow a little slack here. Using Alison’s coordinates for the poles the following is Alison’s list with my additions of the sites which are within 5 degrees of the last four equators (* indicates those from Alison’s list). These are just a few of the better known locations; I suspect if one were to search a good archeological atlas along the equators many more would be found.

Here's what we have suggesting that the AAs lined up on the ancient equators to land:

1. There is an undeniable coincidence between many of the most important ancient sites and the prehistoric equators.
2. Oops - we have a problem: None of the equators pass close to the Mesoamerican sites (Teotihuacan, etc). Possible solution: archeologists think they were built much later.
3. Oops - we have a BIG problem: None of the equators pass anywhere near the important European sites (Stonehenge, Brittany, Bogazkoy, Malta, etc), and these are very old.

Then let's make another assumption - that they approached and landed along the solar plane (the Earth's axis of rotation is tilted 23.5 deg from the solar plane, the ecliptic). Within 5 degree of the equators here's what we have:

1. The pattern of the landings on the Earth would indeed be a harmonic wave.
2. England, Brittany, Yonagoni, Columbia Arch. Zone, Lhasa, Indus Valley, Mexico and Yucatan Peninsula, Ethiopia, Nazca, Delphi would now fall on an ancient equator.
3. Oops - we still have a BIG problem: Most of the sites in Alison's list above would not be anywhere near one of the equators.

So about all we can conclude is that -

1. Sometimes their landing/departure was parallel to the solar plane, as if they used the planets for breaking (landing) or accelerating (departure), and
2. Sometimes their landing/departure was parallel to the Earth's equatorial plane, as if they used the planets for breaking or accelerating, then lined up on the equator to realize the benefits of the Earth's rotation.

•  1: Geologist Robert Schock (1999) discusses the theory of Kirschvink and others that the "Cambrian explosion" was due to a 90 degree shift of the crust, not the interior of the Earth, which he calls "true polar wander".
• 2: Zecharia Sitchin (1993) concluded that about 11,000 bc (13,000 years ago) the Earth’s surface shifted causing the ice cap to slip off, which in turn caused the deluge. The seems to agree fairly well with Hapgood’s estimate of the last pole shift, between 18,000 and 12,000 years ago).
•  3: Childress (1999) presents diagrams of the four yuga cycles of the 6000 years from 22,000 bc to 2000 a.d., and the great yuga cycle from 46,000 bc to 22,000 bc. Interesting that the great cycle corresponds closely to the period Hapgood gives for the 3rd position of the polar axis (48,000 to 18,000 bc), and that the recent cycle corresponds to the present pole position (18,000 bc to present) (Hapgood, 1958).
• One final word: The Martian equator, like Earth's, has apparently shifted over time, and in writing about the famous Mars "face", astronomer Tom Van Flandern says that it has "...a culturally significant location on the old Martian equator and a culturally significant north-south orientation."

It’s well known that when cultures are replaced their sacred sites are usually adopted and incorporated into the current culture's traditions, apparently in an effort to entice the people to the new culture. This happened throughout the Americas during the Spanish conquest and evidently in England where the ancient “old straight tracks” (ley lines) now trace religious sites erected within recent times.

Of course I am not suggesting that the structures currently at these sites were built during the periods of the prehistoric equators (nor does Alison), but I do suggest that most of the site locations were first visited during these periods, and probably were points of Terrestrial contact between

Investigation Continues........

Gyandotcom

Como las siglas del nombre del paquete nos indican XAMPP nos permite de una sola vez instalar:

1. Un servidor Apache
2. El gestor de bases de datos MySQL
3. Soporte para PHP
4. Soporte para Perl

Para empezar deberemos descargar el paquete para su instalación desde aquí

*NOTA: No hay un lugar especifico donde debamos guardar el paquete pero en este ejemplo lo guardaremos en nuestro home (/home/nombredelusuario/ o bien ~/) por comodidad. Si guardáis el paquete en cualquier otro lugar deberéis sustituir la ruta del mismo.

Una vez descargado el paquete procedemos a su descompresión, para ello vamos a emplear el comando tar

Introduciremos en la consola:
sudo tar xvfz xampp-linux-1.6.8a.tar.gz -C /opt

Comento un poco el comando:

• sudo → nos permite ejecutar comandos en modo root/superusuario
• tar xvfz → El comando en si con sus opciones, x para descomprimir, v que nos muestra las operaciones que va realizando el comando por pantalla, f indica que se especifica el nombre del contenedor y z para indicarle que descomprima mediante gzip
• xampp-linux-1.6.8a.tar.gz → nombre del paquete a descomprimir
• -C → para indicar que queremos crear el directorio de destino
• /opt → carpeta donde deseamos descomprimir dicho paquete.

Con esto tendríamos XAMPP instalado en el directorio /opt/lampp

Si queremos lanzarlo solo deberemos introducir en consola:
sudo /opt/lampp/lampp start

Y tras esto para comprobar que todo funciona abrimos nuestro navegador favorito y accedemos a:

http://localhost

Si todo ha ido bien debería mostrarnos la pagina de configuración del paquete con sus distintas opciones y documentación.

Algunos otros comandos interesante y útiles son:

• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stop → detenemos todos los servicios
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp restart → reiniciamos todos los servicios
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp startapache → iniciar solamente Apche
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stopapache → detener solamente Apache
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp startsll → iniciar Apache SSL
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stopsll → detener Apache Ssl
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp startmysql → iniciar solamente MySQL
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stopmysql → detener solamente MySQL
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp startftp → iniciar solamente FTP
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stopftp → detener solamente FTP
• sudo /opt/lampp/lampp security → lanza un pequeño chequeo de seguridad.

Como nota final diré que XAMPP tiene la opción de lanzar un panel de control gráfico con estas mismas opciones ejecutando el comando
sudo /opt/lampp/share/xampp-control-panel/xampp-control-panel

A mi no me ha llegado a funcionar por un problema con gtk pero podéis intentarlo. Por mi parte sigo trabajando en ello :P

De las distintas opciones que nos brinda XAMPP y su configuración hablaremos en próximos post.

*NOTA: Para poder lanzar mas comodamente cualquiera de los servicios que inclulle XAMPP se podria crear uno o varios lanzadores en nuestro escritorio que nos permitan hacerlo sin necesidad de acceder a la consola y mecanizar el comando cada vez.

Nos valdremos de un ejemplo con el comando que inicia todos los servicios para que se vea como puede hacerse, los demás serían mas de lo mismo.

• Pinchamos con botón derecho en nuestro escritorio y seleccionamos Crear Nuevo → Enlace a aplicación

• En la pestaña General introducimos el nombre que se mostrará bajo el icono del lanzador y si queremos cambiar el icono del mismo pincharemos sobre el boton junto al campo de texto y seleccionaremos uno a nuestro gusto.

[caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="262" caption="Click para agrandar"][/caption]

• En la pestaña Aplicación introducimos en al campo Orden
  • kdesu /opt/lampp/share/xampp-control-panel/xampp-control-panel

Fijaros que incluimos kdesu y no sudo, esto hará que se nos pida la contraseña de root de forma gráfica al ejecutar el lanzador.

[caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="262" caption="Click para agrandar"][/caption]

• En esta misma pestaña en el campo descripciones ponemos una breve descripción del lanzador

• Una vez hecho esto guardamos los cambios y ya tendremos nuestro lanzador listo.

Enlaces de interés:

Pagina oficial XAMPP